Beliau adalah Rabi’ah bin Farukh
At-Taimi, Abu Utsman Al-Madani.
Beliau seorang ulama besar,
hafalannya kuat, fakih, mujtahid
(ahli ijtihad), cerdas, orang yang
memiliki pemikiran yang tajam, dan pemberi fatwa kepada
masyarakat Madinah. Beliau termasuk penduduk Madinah
yang banyak menggunakan kias
dan logika dalam pemecahan
masalah, ketika beliau tidak
mendapatkan hadis yang sahih atau riwayat dari sahabat.
Karena itulah, beliau mendapat
gelar Rabi’ah Ar-Ra’yi, dan
kata “Ar-Ra’yi” artinya akal
dan logika.
Guru dan Murid Imam
Rabiah <br />
<br />
Beliau mendapat hadis dari Anas<br />
bin Malik, As-Saib bin Yazid,<br />
Hanzhalah bin Qais, Sa’id bin<br />
Musayib, dan Al-Qasim bin<br />
Muhammad. Adapun para murid<br />
beliau, di antaranya, adalah Sufyan Ats-Tsauri, Imam Malik, Al-Auza’i, Sulaiman bin Bilal, Ismail<br />
bin Ja’far, Anas bin Iyadh, dan<br />
beberapa ulama lainnya. Imam<br />
Malik termasuk orang yang<br />
paling banyak belajar dari beliau. Pujian untuk Imam<br />
Rabiah Beliau memiliki banyak keutamaan
dan dihormati para ulama. Ibnu
Zaid mengatakan, “Rabi’ah
hidup dalam usia yang panjang.
Beliau habiskan waktunya untuk
beribadah, salat siang dan malam. Apabila para muridnya telah
berkumpul, beliau pun kemudian
mulai membahas ilmu dengan
logika dan akalnya.” Yahya bin
Sa’id mengatakan, “Saya belum
pernah melihat ada orang yang lebih cerdas daripada Rabi’ah.”
Dari Abdullah bin Wahab,
dikabarkan bahwa Rabi’ah
adalah orang yang sangat
dermawan. Beliau pernah
menginfakkan 40.000 dinar. Imam Malik mengatakan, “Ketika Salim
dan Al-Qasim meninggal,
permasalahan agama banyak
dikembalikan kepada Rabi’ah.
Ketika Khalifah Abul Abbas As-
Saffah datang ke Madinah, beliau ditawari dengan harta yang
banyak, namun beliau
menolaknya.”
Akidah Imam Rabiah<br />
<br />
Rabi’ah berakidah ahlus sunnah<br />
wal jama’ah, tidak menafsirkan<br />
ayat Alquran tentang sifat Allah<br />
di luar makna zahirnya. Sufyan<br />
bin Uyainah mengatakan,<br />
“Rabi’ah ditanya, ‘Bagaimanakah cara Allah ber-<br />
istiwa’ (berada di atas Arsy)?’<br />
Beliau menjawab, ‘Istilah<br />
beristiwa (berada di atas Arsy)<br />
bukanlah istilah asing, namun<br />
bagaimana tata cara Allah beristiwa, tidak bisa digambarkan<br />
dengan logika. Risalah itu dari<br />
Allah, Rasulullah hanya<br />
menyampaikan, dan kewajiban<br />
kita adalah membenarkan.” <br />
<br />
Wafatnya Imam Rabiah
Rabi’ah meninggal pada tahun
136 H, di daerah Al-Hasyimiyah,
negara bagian Al-Anbar di Irak.
Ketika Rabi’ah meninggal, Imam
Malik mengatakan, “Kelezatan
fikih telah hilang sejak kematian Rabi’ah.” (Adz-Dzahabi,
Tadzkirah Al-Huffazh, Al-
Maktabah Asy-Syamilah, no. urut
153)
Artikel www.Yufidia.com
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